Journal Paper

This paper presents a novel architecture for scalable and efficient beamforming transmitters for next-generation wireless communication networks. The system integrates modular Delta-Sigma (∆Σ)-based All-Digital Transmitters (ADTs) with digital True Time Delay (TTD) techniques to enable dynamic beamforming in massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) arrays. Each channel provides fine-grained delay control, enhancing synchronization and beam-steering accuracy while reducing hardware complexity. The modular design supports flexible resource allocation, enabling independent multichannel operation or combined high-performance signal generation with carrier frequencies up to 10 GHz and bandwidths up to 800 MHz. An 8-element antenna array demonstrated effective beam steering from −45◦ to 45◦. Results indicate that increasing the sampling frequency of Multi-Gigabit Transceivers (MGTs) can further improve beam-steering resolution with future technology advancements. The system achieved signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) above 41 dB and error vector magnitudes (EVMs) below 0.72% for a 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) signal at 2.44 GHz with a 100 MHz bandwidth, demonstrating its potential as a scalable, high-performance solution for future wireless networks.