Glaucoma is a chronic optic neuropathy characterized by irreversible damage to the
retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), resulting in changes in the visual field (VC). Glaucoma screening
is performed through a complete ophthalmological examination, using images of the optic papilla
obtained in vivo for the evaluation of glaucomatous characteristics, eye pressure, and visual field.
Identifying the glaucomatous papilla is quite important, as optical papillary images are considered
the gold standard for tracking. Therefore, this article presents a review of the diagnostic methods
used to identify the glaucomatous papilla through technology over the last five years. Based on
the analyzed works, the current state-of-the-art methods are identified, the current challenges are
analyzed, and the shortcomings of these methods are investigated, especially from the point of view
of automation and independence in performing these measurements. Finally, the topics for future
work and the challenges that need to be solved are proposed.